Urząd
The vocabulary of a Polish government office, learned before you need it rather than at the counter.
urząd
noun · masculine
- EN
- government office
- RU
- учреждение, ведомство
Muszę iść do urzędu w poniedziałek.
I have to go to the office on Monday.
The building, the institution and the abstract authority all at once. The person behind the desk is an urzędnik.
wniosek
noun · masculine
- EN
- application; conclusion
- RU
- заявление; вывод
Złożyłem wniosek o kartę pobytu.
I filed an application for a residence card.
Two meanings that never meet. Złożyć wniosek is to file a form; wyciągnąć wniosek is to draw a conclusion.
zaświadczenie
noun · neuter
- EN
- certificate, official confirmation
- RU
- справка
Potrzebuję zaświadczenia o zarobkach.
I need a certificate of earnings.
The Polish справка, and just as unavoidable. Almost every office visit ends with somebody asking for one.
pobyt
noun · masculine
- EN
- stay, residence
- RU
- пребывание
Karta pobytu jest ważna trzy lata.
The residence card is valid for three years.
Karta pobytu is the residence card. Pobyt czasowy is temporary, pobyt stały permanent — the adjective is the whole difference.
meldunek
noun · masculine
- EN
- registered address
- RU
- регистрация, прописка
Bez meldunku trudno załatwić niektóre sprawy.
Some things are hard to sort out without a registered address.
The Polish прописка, and about as fondly regarded. Zameldować się is to register where you live.
termin
noun · masculine
- EN
- appointment; deadline
- RU
- запись; срок
Mam termin u lekarza we wtorek.
I have a doctor's appointment on Tuesday.
Both the slot you booked and the date you must not miss. It also means a technical term, exactly like RU термин — context carries all three.
podanie
noun · neuter
- EN
- written application
- RU
- заявление
Napisz podanie i dołącz zaświadczenie.
Write an application and attach a certificate.
More formal and more old-fashioned than a wniosek. Quite separately, it is also a pass in football.
załącznik
noun · masculine
- EN
- attachment, enclosure
- RU
- приложение, вложение
W załączniku przesyłam skan umowy.
I'm sending a scan of the contract attached.
One word for an email attachment and a paper enclosure. W załączniku przesyłam is the standard formula.
urzędnik
noun · masculine
- EN
- official, clerk
- RU
- чиновник, служащий
Urzędnik poprosił o dowód osobisty.
The clerk asked for an ID card.
Neutral in Polish, unlike RU чиновник, which carries a sneer. The feminine is urzędniczka.
dowód
noun · masculine
- EN
- ID card; proof
- RU
- паспорт (внутренний); доказательство
Proszę o dowód osobisty.
Your ID card, please.
Dowód osobisty is the national ID card. On its own, dowód is evidence — the same word does both jobs without confusion.
Drill these ten · earlier morning · later morning
Drill these ten