Foch
Arguing and making up. The sulk has a name, cats get torn, and an awantura is not an adventure.
drzeć koty
phrase · verb, imperfective, colloquial
- EN
- to be at loggerheads, to squabble constantly
- RU
- быть на ножах, грызться
Te dwie od lat drą koty o każdą drobnostkę.
Those two have been at each other's throats over every trifle for years.
Literally 'to tear cats' — an old phrase whose origin nobody agrees on. Drzeć z kimś koty is a feud, not a single row; the single row is a kłótnia.
awantura
noun · feminine
- EN
- a row, a scene
- RU
- скандал, ссора
Zrobiła mu awanturę o brudne naczynia.
She made a scene about the dirty dishes.
RU авантюра is a gamble, a risky venture. Polish awantura is a loud domestic row, and zrobić komuś awanturę is to give someone hell. The awanturnik is not an adventurer but a brawler.
foch
noun · masculine, colloquial
- EN
- a sulk, a huff
- RU
- демонстративная обида
Znowu strzeliła focha i nie odbiera.
She's in a huff again and isn't picking up.
Untranslatable and indispensable: the theatrical, slightly childish sulk. Strzelić focha is to go into one, stroić fochy to keep it up. Mieć muchy w nosie is the same mood as a body idiom.
obrazić się
verb · reflexive, perfective, + na + acc.
- EN
- to take offence
- RU
- обидеться
Obraził się na mnie o jeden żart.
He took offence at me over one joke.
Na + accusative, exactly like RU обидеться на. The trap is without się: obrazić kogoś is to INSULT, RU оскорбить, not обидеть. For hurting feelings by accident the verb is urazić.
urażony
adjective
- EN
- hurt, offended, wounded
- RU
- задетый, уязвлённый
Poczuł się urażony tą uwagą.
He felt hurt by that remark.
Obrażony sulks and stops talking; urażony has been wounded and says so with dignity. Urazić kogoś is RU задеть, and uraza is the grudge that lasts: chować urazę, to hold one.
mieć pretensje
phrase · verb, + do + gen.
- EN
- to hold something against someone, to resent
- RU
- быть в обиде, иметь претензии
Mam do ciebie pretensje, że nie zadzwoniłeś.
I'm upset with you for not calling.
Do + genitive for the person, o + accusative for the cause. Everyday and emotional, where RU претензия sounds like a complaints department. Nie mam pretensji is 'no hard feelings'.
wyrzucać
verb · imperfective, + dat. + acc.
- EN
- to reproach; to throw out
- RU
- упрекать; выбрасывать
Ciągle mi wyrzuca, że za mało pomagam.
He keeps reproaching me for not helping enough.
Literally to throw out. Wyrzucać komuś coś is to throw something in someone's face, and wyrzuty sumienia — pangs of conscience — is the same word turned inward.
o co ci chodzi
phrase · question
- EN
- what do you mean; what's your problem
- RU
- в чём дело; чего ты хочешь
O co ci właściwie chodzi?
What are you actually getting at?
Chodzić o + accusative is 'to be about': chodzi o pieniądze. This asks it of a person and can be curious or hostile; the argument's other half is nie o to chodzi, that is not the point.
przeprosić
verb · perfective, + acc.
- EN
- to apologise to
- RU
- извиниться перед
Powinieneś ją przeprosić za wczoraj.
You should apologise to her for yesterday.
A direct object: przeprosić kogoś, where RU извиниться перед кем needs a preposition and never takes an object. Za + accusative for the offence; the noun przeprosiny is plural-only.
pogodzić się
verb · reflexive, perfective, + z + instr.
- EN
- to make up; to come to terms with
- RU
- помириться; смириться
Pogodziłem się z bratem po roku milczenia.
I made up with my brother after a year of silence.
One verb, two Russian ones: with a person it is помириться, with a fact — pogodzić się z porażką — it is смириться. Both take z + instrumental, and the root is zgoda, agreement.
Drill these ten · earlier morning · later morning
Drill these ten