Narzędzia i naprawa
Ten words for the day something breaks and you have to describe it to somebody on the phone.
śrubokręt
noun · masculine
- EN
- screwdriver
- RU
- отвёртка
Podaj mi śrubokręt krzyżakowy.
Pass me the Phillips screwdriver.
Literally a screw-turner. Krzyżakowy is cross-head and płaski is flat — the two you will ever be asked for.
wkręt
noun · masculine
- EN
- screw
- RU
- шуруп
Potrzebuję dłuższych wkrętów.
I need longer screws.
A screw you turn in; a śruba is a bolt that takes a nut. Polish keeps them apart and hardware shops sort them that way.
gwóźdź
noun · masculine
- EN
- nail
- RU
- гвоздь
Wbij gwóźdź w ścianę.
Knock a nail into the wall.
Gwóźdź programu is the highlight of an event — the nail that holds the whole thing up.
młotek
noun · masculine
- EN
- hammer
- RU
- молоток
Uderz młotkiem, ale delikatnie.
Tap it with the hammer, but gently.
Diminutive of młot, a sledgehammer. The small one is the everyday word, as with zegarek.
wiertarka
noun · feminine
- EN
- drill
- RU
- дрель
Pożyczysz mi wiertarkę?
Can I borrow your drill?
From wiercić, to drill. Wiertło is the bit that goes in it — the machine and the tool are named separately.
taśma
noun · feminine
- EN
- tape
- RU
- лента, скотч
Sklej to taśmą klejącą.
Stick it together with tape.
Taśma klejąca is sticky tape and taśma izolacyjna is electrical tape. Also a conveyor belt and a measuring tape.
klej
noun · masculine
- EN
- glue
- RU
- клей
Klej wysycha w dziesięć minut.
The glue dries in ten minutes.
Same word as клей, and the verb kleić works the same way. A free one.
zepsuty
adjective
- EN
- broken, out of order
- RU
- сломанный, испорченный
Winda jest zepsuta.
The lift is out of order.
Also spoiled, of food, and spoilt, of a child. Zepsuć się is the verb — the lift zepsuła się rather than somebody breaking it.
naprawić
verb · perfective
- EN
- to repair, to fix
- RU
- починить, исправить
Naprawiłem kran sam.
I fixed the tap myself.
From prawy, right — putting a thing right. Also used of fixing a mistake or a relationship.
awaria
noun · feminine
- EN
- breakdown, outage
- RU
- авария, поломка
Awaria prądu w całym budynku.
A power cut in the whole building.
Bigger than a usterka. Careful: RU авария is usually a road accident, which in Polish is a wypadek — awaria is a machine failing, not a crash.
Drill these ten · earlier morning · later morning
Drill these ten